Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by the loss of large amounts of protein in the urine (proteinuria), low protein levels in the blood, swelling (edema), and high cholesterol levels. It occurs when the kidney's filtering units, called glomeruli, are damaged, leading to impaired kidney function.
Common symptoms include swelling in the legs, ankles, face, or abdomen, foamy urine, fatigue, and weight gain due to fluid retention. Nephrotic syndrome can result from underlying conditions like diabetes, infections, lupus, or certain medications.
Diagnosis involves urine tests, blood tests, and sometimes a kidney biopsy to determine the cause. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, including medications like corticosteroids, diuretics, and ACE inhibitors, along with dietary changes such as reduced salt intake.
Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications like blood clots, infections, or chronic kidney disease. Consult a nephrologist for personalized care and management.